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Engenheira fala aos membros do JPS-SP sobre inovações para universalizar serviços de água e esgoto voltados às populações vulneráveis

Por Clara Zaim

A engenheira elétrica Ester Feche Guimarães, doutora em Ciências da Engenharia Ambiental pela USP e assessora de Assuntos Regulatórios na Sabesp, atuando no redesenho de processos para inovação da gestão regulatória, metodologias de temas de subsídios, ativos e tarifas, foi a palestrante convidada do programa Jovens Profissionais do Saneamento da ABES-SP (JPS-SP) desta terça-feira, 16 de maio.

Ester abordou o tema “A inovação para universalização dos serviços de água e esgoto para populações vulneráveis”. Em sua explanação, apresentou diversos tópicos ligados ao tema: contexto urbano no Brasil; cenário do saneamento nas áreas urbanas; áreas de proteção de mananciais, favelas e áreas irregulares da Baixada Santista.

Para enfatizar as dificuldades encontradas no setor, a palestrante apresentou o ‘’Estudo de Empresas de Serviços Públicos na América Latina’’, produzido pelo Banco Mundial. O estudo destaca a crescente urbanização da pobreza, com habitações precárias, a dificuldade financeira, a ausência de estratégias para organizar demanda e oferta, a fragilidade de indicadores, os déficits de governança e a necessidade de mudança e adaptação do modelo de negócio do saneamento.

Para a professora, mudar é necessário aprimorar a legislação e apresentar inovações tecnológicas, técnicas e sociais. “O momento é importante para o setor de saneamento, pois vários contextos das empresas no Brasil estão sendo revistos. Nosso maior desafio é a universalização e lidar com as populações vulneráveis. O modelo de saneamento é importante, mas precisa avançar, trazer mecanismos de subsídios, instrumentos que permitam a execução da política pública de forma que todos os participantes consigam atuar de forma correta, tanto as empresas quanto os agentes reguladores e o poder concedente, seja municipal ou estadual. Se conseguirmos a inovação no contexto social, tecnológico, técnico nas empresas e nos municípios, teremos saneamento para todos, fundos e o serviço público para a população de baixa renda”, destacou.

A estudiosa ressaltou a importância do JPS, que reúne jovens em torno dos temas de Saneamento e Meio Ambiente. “Precisamos olhar a sociedade para termos sucesso e a permanência do setor com eficiência técnica e social. O JPS é um grupo que pode olhar o setor de uma forma inovadora com novos modelos e mudando uma maneira antiga de pensar, para incluir a população com uma governança inclusiva e medir a efetividade das nossas ações com o saneamento.

Thomas Ficarelli, geógrafo e coordenador do JPS-SP, destacou as soluções apresentadas pela engenheira para lidar com a falta de esgoto e de águas entre as populações vulneráveis. ‘’A apresentação foi muito interessante, pois destaca a implantação de redes de água e de esgoto para as populações vulneráveis em áreas irregulares. É um assunto que praticamente fica de fora das políticas públicas, dos dados socioeconômicos que estão disponíveis e do próprio plano municipal de saneamento e das companhias de saneamento básico, sejam municipais ou estaduais. A palestrante apresentou soluções para esse problema por meio de um modelo e que promove a participação da comunidade, beneficiada com relação a esse projeto. O modelo adotado por ela juntou o melhor do técnico e do social. Foi enriquecedor conhecer essa prática’’, afirmou Ficarelli.

Camila Candiles, engenheira ambiental e assessora acadêmica do JPS, comentou os apontamentos da palestrante sobre os gargalos do modelo institucional existente no Brasil para o saneamento. “A Dr. Ester Guimarães compara o modelo institucional do setor de energia elétrica, um modelo fechado e autossustentável, composto por fundos e programas específicos para subsidiar a inclusão social, ao modelo institucional do setor de saneamento, que é carente de mecanismos que subvencionem a universalização do acesso ao saneamento e desconsidera as cidades informais”, destacou. “É impreterível que o modelo institucional do setor de saneamento seja revisto para viabilizar a implementação de políticas públicas efetivas”, completou Camila.

Participe do JPS

O Programa Jovens Profissionais do Saneamento Ambiental (JPS) tem, entre seus objetivos, despertar habilidades e lideranças entre os jovens de até 35 anos que atuam no setor. O programa estimula a participação dos jovens profissionais por meio de reuniões, palestras, seminários e outras atividades, além de possibilitar o contato entre estudantes e recém formados e profissionais experientes do setor.

Para mais informações sobre o JPS em seu estado e como participar, acesse aqui

 

 

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