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Governadores brasileiros assinam carta contra a MP 844/2018, que altera a Lei do Saneamento

07/11/2018 Ana Paula Rogers

A maioria dos governadores brasileiros é contra a Medida Provisória nº 844/2018, que altera o Marco Legal do Saneamento. Em carta divulgada pela AESBE (Associação Brasileira das Empresas Estaduais de Saneamento) nesta quarta-feira, 7 de novembro, governantes atuais e eleitos manifestam preocupação com a aprovação da MP na forma do relatório do Senador Valdir Raupp, aprovado na Comissão Mista na última quarta-feira, dia 31/10. Da forma como foi aprovada – frise o documento -, ao invés de avançar rapidamente na universalização dos serviços, a MP 844 traz grandes riscos de agravamento das desigualdades, de desestruturação do setor e de piora das condições fiscais dos governos estaduais (veja a íntegra abaixo e no site da AESBE .

A ABES – Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental, juntamente AESBE (Associação Brasileira das Empresas Estaduais de Saneamento) Asseame (Associação Nacional dos Serviços Municipais de Saneamento), ABAR (Associação Brasileira de Agências de Regulação), ABM (Associação Brasileira de Municípios), FNU (Federação Nacional dos Urbanitários), FNP (Frente Nacional de Prefeitos), FNSA (Frente Nacional pelo Saneamento Ambiental) e outras entidades da sociedade civil, reforça o posicionamento contrário à Medida Provisória (MP) 844, de 06 de julho de 2018, que altera o marco legal do saneamento (veja aqui o posicionamento da ABES). “O sonho da universalização do saneamento no Brasil poderá ficar cada vez mais distante. E novamente os mais prejudicados serão os brasileiros mais pobres, que vivem sem acesso a água potável e esgoto tratado e sujeitos a contrair todo tipo de doenças”, adverte o presidente nacional da ABES, o engenheiro Roberval Tavares de Souza.

Veja abaixo a íntegra da carta dos governadores divulgada pela AESBE:

Carta dos governadores sobre a Medida Provisória 844/2018, que altera a Lei do Saneamento

Os governadores atuais e eleitos, abaixo assinados, vêm a público manifestar preocupação com a aprovação da Medida Provisória nº 844/2018, que altera o Marco Legal do Saneamento, na forma do relatório do Senador Valdir Raupp, aprovado na Comissão Mista na última quarta-feira, dia 31/10. Da forma como foi aprovada, ao invés de avançar rapidamente na universalização dos serviços, a MP 844 traz grandes riscos de agravamento das desigualdades, de desestruturação do setor e de piora das condições fiscais dos governos estaduais.

Em primeiro lugar, não houve discussão ampla com a sociedade, com os Governadores atuais e muito menos com os Governadores eleitos. Os estados, por meio de suas empresas, prestam serviços de água para 120 milhões de pessoas nas cidades brasileiras (76% dos que tem acesso aos serviços). As empresas estaduais estão presentes em mais de 4.000 municípios brasileiros, dos quais 3.600 são municípios de pequeno porte e de menor renda e IDH, incluindo 90% dos municípios do semiárido brasileiro.

Os Governadores atuais e eleitos reconhecem que falta ainda muito a fazer rumo à universalização dos serviços. Os desafios são crescentes, agravados ainda pelas mudanças climáticas e pela crise fiscal do país. Para superar estes desafios, é preciso aumentar a participação do setor privado nos investimentos de setor tão importante.

A MP 844, entretanto, sob o pretexto de aumentar a participação privada, que é necessária, vai desorganizar o setor. Municípios de maior tamanho e renda são atrativos ao setor privado, enquanto a maioria dos municípios, pequenos e pobres, e aqueles onde há escassez hídrica, não serão. Ao invés de estimular as parcerias privadas junto com os serviços estaduais, atendendo indistintamente municípios maiores e mais ricos e aqueles muitos menores e mais pobres, a MP 844 vai gerar participação privada apenas nos municípios de maior rentabilidade, ou onde as necessidades de investimento per capita são menores. Ao invés de aproveitar e potencializar os ganhos de escala e ampliar as possibilidades de solidariedade social entre municípios ricos e pobres, a MP vai resultar exatamente num oposto perverso: aumento das desigualdades (municípios maiores e mais ricos vão avançar; e a maioria dos municípios menores e mais pobres vai ficar mais ainda para trás); agravamento dos déficits sociais no acesso aos serviços, especialmente pela escassez de recursos fiscais e pela limitada capacidade de pagamento das populações desses municípios; aumento da dívida e do déficit público – a grande maioria das empresas dos Estados são não dependentes, pagam suas dívidas em dia – com a sua desestruturação os Estados terão que assumir essas dívidas.

Ademais, os serviços de água e esgotos são monopólios naturais. Assim, cabe ao governo organizá-los. Ao estimular a desagregação e a pulverização da entrada do setor privado, os ganhos dos monopólios serão absorvidos apenas pelas empresas privadas e, eventualmente, por alguns municípios. Se o modelo privilegiasse soluções conjuntas entre empresas regionais e o setor privado, os ganhos do monopólio seriam também divididos com milhares de municípios e milhões de brasileiros de menor renda. E mais rapidamente e equanimemente seriam alcançados os objetivos da universalização.

No Brasil, mais de 80% dos investimentos em saneamento básico vem das empresas estaduais e isso não pode ser diminuído. Pelo contrário, precisa ser estimulado, com a maior participação do capital privado. As maiores oportunidades do setor privado no país, nos últimos 10 anos, vem de contratações pelos Governos Estaduais, através das Empresas Estaduais de Saneamento com PPPs, Sub-delegações, etc. As maiores oportunidades de investimento no futuro também estão nesse modelo, potencializando e partilhando os benefícios das economias de escala. Como exemplo, o próprio Governo Federal lançou o Programa de Parcerias para Investimentos – PPI, através do BNDES, que tem atuado na estruturação de projetos voltados à formatar parcerias com o setor privado junto com as Companhias Estaduais. O artigo 10-A da MP 844 vai desestruturar esses projetos, na contramão da tão sonhada universalização dos serviços de saneamento.

As mudanças no Marco Legal do Saneamento deveriam aumentar a segurança jurídica. Da forma como está, haverá exatamente o contrário, com aumento de incertezas e judicialização, inclusive junto ao STF.

Assim, os Governadores atuais e os Governadores eleitos urgem para a imediata revisão da MP 844, especialmente o disposto no seu Artigo 10-A. Dessa forma, podemos aperfeiçoar o Marco Legal do Saneamento, fortalecer as parcerias entre os setores público e privado, sem discriminação entre municípios ricos e pobres, garantir foco na universalização dos serviços, com mais investimentos, com subsídio cruzado e potencializando e partilhando os ganhos das economias de escala.

Assinam esta carta:

AL – Renan Filho (governador atual/reeleito)

BA – Rui Costa (governador atual/reeleito)

CE – Camilo Santana (governador atual/reeleito)

DF – Rodrigo Rollemberg (governador atual)

ES – Paulo Hartung (governador atual)

GO – José Eliton (governador atual)

MA – Flávio Dino (governador atual/reeleito)

MS – Reinaldo Azambuja (governador atual)

PA – Hélder Barbalho (governador eleito)

PB – Ricardo Coutinho (governador atual) e João Azevedo (governador eleito)

PE – Paulo Câmara (governador atual/reeleito)

PI – Wellington Dias (governador atual/reeleito)

PR – Cida Borghetti (governadora atual) e Ratinho Júnior (governador eleito)

RN – Fátima Bezerra (governadora eleita)

RR – Suely Campos (governadora atual)

RS – José Ivo Sartori (governador atual) e Eduardo Leite (governador eleito)

SE – Belivaldo Chagas (governador atual/reeleito)

SP – João Dória (governador eleito)

 

 

 

 

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