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ABES debate direito universal ao saneamento na Assembleia da Assemae

Dante Ragazzi Pauli Foto: Assemae

O presidente nacional da ABES, Dante Ragazzi Pauli, participou nesta terça-feira do primeiro painel da 46ª Assembleia Nacional da Assemae (Associação Nacional dos Serviços Municipais de Saneamento), que reuniu especialistas em Jaraguá do Sul (SC) para discutir o saneamento básico enquanto direito de todos. O tema iniciou a programação de palestras na manhã de terça-feira, 17 de maio, com a presença de técnicos, gestores públicos e pesquisadores do setor, no ano em que a Campanha da Fraternidade da CNBB debate a necessidade de priorizar o saneamento básico como ação de inclusão social.

Dante alertou para a necessidade de melhorar o planejamento setorial com base nas experiências existentes e respeitando características ambientais, geográficas e sociais (veja a apresentação aqui). Outra recomendação apontada pelo palestrante é a revisão da legislação brasileira para acesso a recursos federais, de forma que possibilite a agilidade nas contratações de obras e serviços. “Temos de construir uma estratégia conjunta para encaminhar as demandas do setor ao Governo federal, fortalecendo a gestão dos prestadores públicos de saneamento, com segurança administrativa, financeira e jurídica”, finalizou.

A mesa foi coordenada pelo presidente da Assemae, Aparecido Hojaij, que destacou o compromisso da entidade a favor do saneamento básico nos municípios brasileiros. Segundo Hojaij, o investimento no setor é o caminho para combater a miséria e melhorar a qualidade de vida da população marginalizada. “O saneamento básico reduz os custos da saúde pública, controla as doenças de veiculação hídrica, promove a inclusão social, preserva o meio ambiente e viabiliza a sustentabilidade. Por isso, precisamos unir esforços para que o setor seja uma prioridade permanente nas políticas públicas de nosso país”, disse.

dantetetPesquisador na área de saúde coletiva, o diretor da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) do Ceará, Fernando Ferreira Carneiro, afirmou que do ponto de vista jurídico e constitucional, o saneamento básico se apresenta como política pública indispensável para a realização de diversos direitos sociais, em especial aqueles que envolvem a saúde e o meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado. De acordo com o palestrante, a ausência de saneamento adequado também está diretamente relacionada a indicadores sociais no Brasil, já que a proliferação de doenças de veiculação hídrica é uma característica de regiões mais pobres. “As ações do setor precisam ir além da construção de obras estruturantes, com o envolvimento das lideranças populares e do interesse coletivo. Eliminar as desigualdades sociais e proteger os direitos humanos é um caminho possível a partir do saneamento básico”.

Representando o Conselho Nacional de Igrejas Cristãs (CONIC), pastor luterano Sinodal Lemke, explicou que a Campanha Ecumênica da Fraternidade de 2016 buscou assegurar o direito ao saneamento básico para todas as pessoas, por meio de políticas que garantam a integridade e o futuro do planeta. “Após um longo processo de debate, estamos ainda mais convictos da importância de considerar o saneamento como bem de caráter público, que requer redobrados investimentos rumo às metas de universalização do acesso à água potável, ao esgoto tratado e aos serviços de limpeza urbana”.

De acordo com o diretor substituto do Departamento de Engenharia de Saúde Pública da Fundação Nacional de Saúde (Funasa), José Antônio da Motta Ribeiro, de 2011 a 2014, foram investidos 6,5 bilhões de reais em ações de saneamento básico nos pequenos municípios, incluindo as áreas de abastecimento de água, esgotamento sanitário, melhorias sanitárias domiciliares, elaboração de projetos e saneamento na zona rural. “A atuação da Funasa no Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento atendeu a 6.298 obras de saneamento e quase dois mil projetos de engenharia. Tais números refletem o nosso compromisso na prevenção e controle de doenças, tendo como plano de fundo os serviços de saneamento básico”.

A falta de estruturas sanitárias adequadas tem um “efeito dominó” sobre a qualidade de vida dos cidadãos, prejudicando o desfrute de outros direitos humanos, como o direito à saúde, à vida e à educação. O secretário geral da Confederação Nacional das Associações de Moradores (CONAM), Fernando Zasso Pigatto, apresentou a visão dos movimentos sociais sobre o acesso ao saneamento básico no Brasil. “O povo convive com situações precárias todos os dias e, por isso, reclama, luta e busca melhorar sua vida. Claro que precisamos de obras, mas também é necessário investir na educação ambiental e na compreensão do saber popular. Queremos saneamento ambiental público e de qualidade, inserido no Sistema Nacional de Desenvolvimento Urbano (SNDU), integrando-se às demais políticas públicas”, ressaltou.

A visão dos trabalhadores sobre a realidade do saneamento no Brasil foi colocada pelo presidente da Federação Nacional dos Urbanitários (FNU), Pedro Blóis Rosário, que defendeu a universalização do acesso aos serviços do setor, mediante o fortalecimento do papel do Estado e do controle social. “Apontamos como desafios a necessidade de ampliar os níveis de investimentos, a implementação dos planos de saneamento e a melhoria da capacidade de execução dos operadores”.

O vice-presidente da Associação Brasileira das Empresas Estaduais de Saneamento (Aesbe) e presidente da Companhia de Saneamento do Paraná (Sanepar), Mounir Chaowiche, comentou os entraves operacionais para a implementação do saneamento básico, como a média de 37% de perdas de água nos sistemas de abastecimento e a alta na tributação do setor. “Entre 2013 e 2015, foram recolhidos aos cofres 10 bilhões de reais em PIS/COFINS”.

Dante Ragazzi Pauli, presidente nacional da ABES, durante o evento.
Dante Ragazzi Pauli, presidente nacional da ABES, durante o evento.

Dante participou também da solenidade de abertura da Assembleia, na segunda-feira, dia 16, no Grande Teatro da Sociedade Cultura Artística (Scar) de Jaraguá do Sul. O presidente da ABES integrou a mesa de abertura composta por Aparecido Hojaij (presidente nacional da Assemae); Carlos Alberto Chiodini (secretário de Desenvolvimento Econômico Sustentável de Santa Catarina), Dieter Janssen (prefeito de Jaraguá do Sul), Ademir Izidoro (diretor-presidente do Samae de Jaraguá do Sul e presidente da Assemae Regional de Santa Catarina), Adenor Piovesan (superintendente estadual da Fundação Nacional de Saúde em Santa Catarina), Pedro Lazéra Cardoso (engenheiro do Departamento de Saneamento Ambiental e Recursos Hídricos do BNDES), Vicente Andreu Guillo (diretor-presidente da Agência Nacional de Águas – ANA), Adailton Ferreira Trindade (superintendente nacional de Saneamento e Infraestrutura da Caixa Econômica Federal), Gustavo Zarif Frayha (chefe de gabinete da Secretaria Nacional de Saneamento Ambiental do Ministério das Cidades), Esperidião Amin (deputado federal), João Paulo Papa (deputado federal e presidente da Comissão de Saneamento na Câmara), Udo Dohler (prefeito de Joinville de vice-presidente da Frente Nacional de Prefeitos – FNP), Pedro Tabajara Rosário (presidente da Federação Nacional dos Urbanitários – FNU), Vicente Caropreso (deputado estadual de Santa Catarina), Rafael Leitoa (deputado estadual do Maranhão), Alexandre Schmitt (promotor de Justiça do Meio Ambiente de Jaraguá do Sul), Eloísio do Carmo Lourenço (prefeito de Poços de Caldas – MG).

Roberval Tavares de Souza, membro da Diretoria Nacional, que também participou da palestra magna na abertura da Assembleia, destaca a importância do evento. “A Assembleia da Assemae tem a participação de todos os municípios do Brasil, é uma importante Associação que envolve mais de 2 mil munícipios onde as questões de saneamento são discutidas em todos os campos. Essa associação é parceira da ABES e, junto com a Associação das Empresas de Saneamento Básico Estaduais – Aesbe, tentamos de todas as maneiras interferir positivamente na discussão do saneamento ambiental do País. Hoje o déficit de saneamento está, em sua maioria, vinculado aos municípios que são autônomos. Isso tem que ser tratado de maneira diferente porque para cada município tem um remédio, nós temos que entender isso e propor soluções para cada tipo de município.”

A programação da 46ª Assembleia da Assemae segue até a quinta-feira, 19 de maio, com palestras, apresentações de trabalhos técnicos, visitas monitoradas e feira de tecnologias para o setor.

Acompanhe no site da Assemae: http://www.assemae.org.br/

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