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ABES-SP: meteorologista aborda variabilidade e alterações do clima no Estado de São Paulo em evento promovido pela CT Recursos Hídricos

12/05/2017 Redação ABES

Por Sueli Melo

Nesta quarta-feira, 10 de maio, a Câmara Técnica de Recursos Hídricos da ABES-SP (CTRH/ABES-SP), coordenada por Luís Eduardo Grisotto, promoveu sua 21ª Reunião Ordinária. O evento, gratuito e aberto ao público, ocorreu na sede da entidade, na capital paulista. Na ocasião, o meteorologista Marcelo Schneider, do INMET, ministrou uma palestra sobre “Variabilidade e Mudanças Climáticas no Estado de São Paulo”.

Em sua exposição, Marcelo Schneider explicou que a seca que atingiu fortemente a Região Metropolitana de São Paulo no período 2014-2015, a pior desde a década de 1960, está mais diretamente ligada “à vulnerabilidade da área, resultado do aumento da população (iniciado nos anos 1970), aumento na captação de água e urbanização, do que por efeito de mudança climática global”. “Menos vegetação, mais prédios e asfalto. Tudo isso fez com que a temperatura local aumentasse bastante, formando as ilhas de calor, e interferisse no tipo de chuva da capital paulista, principalmente na primavera e no verão de 2014 para 2015”, complementou o meteorologista.

Sobre a previsibilidade de novos eventos desta magnitude, segundo o especialista, ainda é difícil fazer previsões de eventos como estes com bastante antecedência: “Com base nos modelos atuais de previsão meteorológica, não é possível obter boa precisão de chuvas abaixo ou acima da média para mais de 2 ou 3 meses”.

Marcelo Schneider ainda abordou a influência do clima no número de dias sem chuva em cada mês e o maior intervalo entre chuvas em cada ano. “Existe uma tendência determinada por fatores externos, como o sol, os oceanos e até a lua, que é cíclica, mas existe uma tendência de crescimento nos dias sem chuva determinada por condições da própria bacia hidrográfica, que sofreu grandes alterações desde a década de 40, quando começaram as medições na Estação do Mirante Santana”.

Ele falou também sobre a questão das temperaturas, “que de fato estão subindo, com picos de calor na época de inverno e verão relacionados principalmente com a variabilidade do clima local. Porém, pode-se observar que os anos 1940 a 1970 foram décadas mais frias. Já os anos da década de 1990 foram anos mais quentes. A tendência, por influência de fatores globais, é de voltar a ter um pequeno resfriamento de agora em diante e mais acentuado depois dos anos 2025”, explicou.

Sobre o evento, Schneider ressaltou que sua grande importância está em “fazer com que a meteorologia se aproxime dos recursos hídricos. As duas áreas estão muito relacionadas”, disse. E em relação à questão da variabilidade do clima destacou que é fundamental que “profissionais de recursos hídricos saibam redimensionar os seus reservatórios e aplicar essas informações no dia a dia.”

O papel da ABES e da CTRH

Antes da apresentação de Schneider, o coordenador da Câmara, Luís Eduardo Grisotto, informou para os novos membros que a CTRH surgiu em 2014 em função de uma demanda da crise hídrica. “A comunidade científica, e especialistas quiseram que a CT acontecesse para discutir e debater o tema”.

A ABES, como entidade de referência no debate técnico e qualificado, abriu as portas para os especialistas. “O maior objetivo da entidade é se tornar uma referência nos assuntos que dizem respeito ao saneamento, a recursos hídricos, drenagem, meio ambiente”, ressaltou. “ABES é sempre procurada pela imprensa, pela comunidade cientifica nacional e internacional nesses assuntos”.

Sobre a Câmara, explicou que o papel desta, desde sua criação, “é trazer assuntos relativos a recursos hídricos que estejam diretamente associados ao saneamento ou a salubridade ambiental”, enfatizou.

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