O presidente da Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental – ABES Seção São Paulo (ABES-SP), Alceu Guérios Bittencourt, foi um dos palestrantes do Seminário ‘Adoção de Novas Tecnologias diante da Crise Hídrica’, promovido pela Associação Interamericana de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental (AIDIS), em parceria com a ABES-SP e com a Sabesp, na última sexta-feira, 08 de abril. O encontro, que ocorreu no Auditório Engenheiro Tauzer Quinderê (Pudim), na Sabesp, reuniu renomados especialistas para debater as principais questões relacionadas à escassez hídrica que atingiu o Brasil entre 2014 e 2015 e outras áreas da América Latina e da África, além de seus efeitos na economia.
Em sua palestra “O papel da ABES na Crise Hídrica”, Alceu Bittencourt ressaltou que este é o momento oportuno para rever, com mais perspectiva, a importância de uma entidade como a ABES, que comemora seu cinquentenário neste 2016, sobretudo em relação aos técnicos. Neste sentido, durante a crise, lembrou, foram estabelecidos foros de discussão entre os profissionais. “Procuramos estar à frente da discussão com a sociedade, entendendo que é importante preservar e valorizar o papel do corpo técnico”, disse. “Mas o aspecto mais importante e que procuramos sempre ressaltar que é nossa responsabilidade social. Como associação profissional, tínhamos a responsabilidade de fazer a interlocução com os diversos segmentos da sociedade”, afirmou.
Entre outros pontos, o especialista destacou ainda a significativa criação da Câmara Técnica de Recursos Hídricos da ABES-SP, lançada em 2014, em plena crise hídrica. “A Câmara Técnica foi uma instância em que pudemos melhorar a discussão e a compreensão com a divulgação de esclarecimentos para públicos mais amplos”, explicou.
E salientou: “o que nós procuramos fazer foi refletir sobre a crise e agora sobre o legado que ela nos deixa de aprendizado, tentando contrapor isso à discussão permanente no setor de saneamento”.
Busca por soluções
Presente na abertura do evento, o presidente da Sabesp, Jerson Kelman, afirmou que o desafio agora em relação à crise hídrica, que “parecia altamente imprevisível”, é estar atento para o caso de um retorno, o que não é impossível acontecer. “Seria imprudente não estarmos preparados para a repetição do fenômeno”, disse. “A Sabesp, para enfrentar a crise, para dar segurança hídrica tem de buscar novas fontes ou diminuição de perdas. Mas se o fenômeno ocorrer de novo tem de ser algo previsto e não algo para nos surpreender”, enfatizou.
Presente na abertura do evento, o presidente da Sabesp, Jerson Kelman, afirmou que o desafio agora em relação à crise hídrica, que “parecia altamente imprevisível”, é estar atento para o caso de um retorno, o que não é impossível acontecer. “Seria imprudente não estarmos preparados para a repetição do fenômeno”, disse. “A Sabesp, para enfrentar a crise, para dar segurança hídrica tem de buscar novas fontes ou diminuição de perdas. Mas se o fenômeno ocorrer de novo tem de ser algo previsto e não algo para nos surpreender”, enfatizou.
O engenheiro do Peru Carlos Silvestri, vice-presidente de Planejamento e Finanças da AIDIS, que abordou o tema ‘Novas Tecnologias Adotadas em Países da América Latina diante da Crise Hídrica Global’, frisou que este é um assunto que preocupa praticamente todos os países do mundo, em particular o continente americano, devido aos efeitos das mudanças climáticas, e por isso tem de ser debatido. “Frente à crise o que devemos fazer nas empresas prestadoras de serviços de água e saneamento para resolver o problema de forma eficiente e que cause menor impacto a economia de nossos países?”, refletiu.
Já Joaquim Gondim, superintendente de Operações e Eventos Críticos da Agência Nacional de Águas – ANA, que falou sobre a temática “Recursos Hídricos no Brasil: situação atual com destaque para a região sudeste”, explicou que no passado sempre que havia situação de seca, pensava-se somente no aumento da oferta. Hoje, a situação mudou. “Com os novos momentos que vivemos temos de pensar no equilíbrio entre demanda e disponibilidade também olhando para a questão do uso consciente da água, diminuição de perdas e todas as ações que levem a um aumento da disponibilidade e inclusão de temas novos como reúso e reciclagem, que vão levar com certeza a um avanço no campo de recursos hídricos e no saneamento nestas próximas décadas. ”
Alceu Galvão, engenheiro da Secretaria das Cidades do Estado do Ceará, ministrou a palestra “Soluções adotadas no Nordeste brasileiro diante da crise hídrica”, na qual apresentou experiências de enfrentamento da escassez na região, que são diferentes das soluções apresentadas para o Sudeste. De maneira geral, disse que é preciso pensar em avançar em questões como dessalinização e reúso. “Essas soluções necessitam de apoios e incentivos, sejam do ponto de fiscal, para que o custo dessa água não saia tão elevado, sejam para o setor industrial, que possam contribuir com redução de consumo, reservando água para as atividades humanas”, argumentou.
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