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Câmara Temática de Resíduos Sólidos: setor amplia participação no Congresso

24/09/2015 Teresa Sardão

Dentro da programação da Câmara Temática de Resíduos Sólidos (CTRS) no 28º CBESA haverá a realização da mesa-redonda “Governança e gerenciamento integrado de resíduos sólidos: do conceito à prática”, no dia 7 de outubro, das 10h30 às 12h30, além do IV Fórum Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, no dia 6, das 10h30 às 19h, que vai discutir os desafios da implantação da PNRS, especialmente a necessidade de dispor somente rejeitos em aterros. Para tanto o Fórum terá mesas sobre tecnologias de tratamento e abordará a importância da segregação na origem para um adequado gerenciamento dos resíduos.

No IV Fórum haverá painéis cujos temas centrais são “Os Órgãos de Controle Ambiental e o licenciamento de novas formas de tratamento de resíduos”; “Resíduos orgânicos: desafios e oportunidades”, com palestras de Bruno Mattheeuws (OWS – Bélgica) sobre “Digestão anaeróbia de resíduos sólidos urbanos” e Marcos José de Abreu, coordenador urbano (Cepagro) e presidente do CONSEA/SC, que a bordará a “Compostagem e coleta seletiva de orgânicos”.

Já a mesa “Tratamento térmico: alternativa a ser discutida” contará com as presenças de Mauro Gandolla da Econs Environmental Engineering – Suíça, que falará sobre “Tecnologias de tratamento térmico de resíduos e possibilidades de sua aplicação no Brasil”, Renato Teixeira da FEAM – MG falando sobre “A visão do órgão ambiental sobre o processo de licenciamento ambiental” e a debatedora Camille Mannarino – Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – RJ.

Entre os principais assuntos na pauta da Câmara para o Congresso estão: o estágio atual da implementação da Lei 12.305/2010 – Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos; a regulação e o controle como instrumentos de avanço no setor de resíduos sólidos; o reaproveitamento mássico e energético dos resíduos sólidos, em especial a reciclagem dos resíduos orgânicos e o tratamento térmico dos rejeitos; o uso de diferentes formas de coleta e sua importância no estabelecimento de rotas sustentáveis de gerenciamento de resíduos; a contratação de cooperativas de catadores na realização de serviços de gestão de resíduos; e a questão da necessária sustentabilidade financeira dos sistemas, por meio da cobrança de taxas e tarifas. “São todos temas importantes para que possamos no Brasil discutir os avanços e os desafios para mudar a realidade atual, na qual cerca de 40% da massa de resíduos sólidos municipais ainda têm disposição final inadequada (em lixões) e a reciclagem e o reaproveitamento de recicláveis e orgânicos somados não chega 3 %”, ressalta.

Para mudar esta realidade, de acordo com o coordenador, é preciso adotar novas rotas tecnológicas, as quais implicarão em custos maiores. Atualmente, explica ele, somente metade dos municípios brasileiros tem alguma forma de cobrança pelos serviços de gestão de resíduos. “Não há como sustentar novas formas de coleta, tratamento e disposição adequada sem a garantia de recursos financeiros. Assim, não só a questão de disponibilidade de recursos para financiamento de novas estruturas é importante, mas também a necessária cobrança de taxas ou tarifas para garantir a operação ao longo da vida útil dos novos sistemas a serem implantados”.

Em relação à presença dos resíduos sólidos no Congresso da ABES, Geraldo destaca a necessidade de reforçar a importância do setor ao longo das edições do evento. Este é um dos campos com o maior número de trabalhos técnicos aprovados e apresentados. “Nos PAC1 e PAC2 (Programas de Aceleração do Crescimento, do Governo Federal), dos cerca de R$ 90 milhões disponibilizados para o setor de Saneamento, menos de 2% foram destinados aos resíduos sólidos”, pontua. “Está na hora de mostrarmos também a importância e a força do setor de resíduos sólidos, colocando o assunto na ordem do dia, propondo e implantando novas tecnologias e formas de gestão e sensibilizando os setores governamentais responsáveis para a urgente necessidade de aporte de recursos (humanos e financeiros).”

Confira a programação completa do Congresso em http://abes-dn.org.br/28cbesa/index.php

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